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Differences in the Synthesis and Elimination of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 After Acute Doses of Alcohol
Author(s) -
HillKapturczak Nathalie,
Dougherty Donald M.,
Roache John D.,
KarnsWright Tara E.,
Javors Martin A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
alcoholism: clinical and experimental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1530-0277
pISSN - 0145-6008
DOI - 10.1111/acer.13620
Subject(s) - phosphatidylethanol , alcohol , alcohol consumption , pharmacokinetics , medicine , dosing , ethanol , blood alcohol , alcohol intake , chemistry , poison control , biochemistry , injury prevention , phospholipid , membrane , phosphatidylcholine , environmental health
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the synthesis and elimination of phosphatidylethanol ( PE th) 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 following the consumption of alcohol among 56 light and heavy drinkers. Methods A transdermal alcohol monitor was used to promote alcohol absence 7 days prior, and 14 days after, alcohol consumption in the laboratory. Participants consumed a 0.4 or 0.8 g/kg dose of alcohol in 15 minutes. Blood and breath samples were collected before, at various times up to 360 minutes postconsumption, and 2, 4, 7, 11, and 14 days after alcohol consumption. Initial rates of PE th synthesis, 360 minutes area under the PE th pharmacokinetic curves ( AUC s), and elimination half‐lives were determined. Results (i) Nonzero PE th levels were observed before alcohol dosing for most participants, despite 7 days of alcohol use monitoring; (ii) 0.4 and 0.8 g/kg doses of alcohol produced proportional increases in PE th levels in all but 1 participant; (iii) the initial rate of synthesis of both PE th homologues did not differ between the 2 doses, but was greater for PE th 16:0/18:2 than PE th 16:0/18:1 at both doses; (iv) the mean AUC of both PE th homologues was higher at 0.8 g/kg than at 0.4 g/kg; (v) the mean AUC of 16:0/18:2 was greater than that of PE th 16:0/18:1 at both alcohol doses; (vi) the mean half‐life of PE th 16:0/18:1 was longer than that of PE th 16:0/18:2 (7.8 ± 3.3 [ SD ] days and 6.4 ± 5.0 [ SD ] days, respectively); and (vii) there were no sex differences in PE th 16:0/18:1 or 16:0/18:2 pharmacokinetics. Conclusions The results of this study support the use of PE th 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 as biomarkers for alcohol consumption. Because of consistent pharmacokinetic differences, the levels of these 2 PE th homologues may provide more information regarding the quantity and recentness of alcohol consumption than either alone.