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Systematic Review of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Interventions Across the Life Span
Author(s) -
Reid Natasha,
Dawe Sharon,
Shelton Douglas,
Harnett Paul,
Warner Judith,
Armstrong Eleanor,
LeGros Kim,
O'Callaghan Frances
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
alcoholism: clinical and experimental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1530-0277
pISSN - 0145-6008
DOI - 10.1111/acer.12903
Subject(s) - cinahl , fetal alcohol spectrum disorder , psychological intervention , intervention (counseling) , medicine , psychology , systematic review , clinical psychology , inclusion (mineral) , developmental psychology , gerontology , medline , psychiatry , pregnancy , political science , law , social psychology , biology , genetics
Background Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ( FASDs ) can experience profound impairments and long‐term adverse outcomes. This systematic review adopts a life span perspective providing an extensive analysis of the available literature. Methods Studies were identified from P sycInfo, PubMed , S copus, W eb of K nowledge, CINAHL , ERIC , The C ochrane C entral R egister of C ontrolled T rials, and gray literature. Two reviewers independently screened the title and abstract of each reference, and the methodological rigor of the included studies was assessed using the E ffective P ublic H ealth P roject assessment tool. Results Thirty‐two studies met the inclusion criteria, of which the vast majority targeted early to middle childhood. Two studies focused on early intervention in the postnatal period, and 6 studies aimed to improve attention and/or self‐regulation in childhood. Three of these provided promising evidence on improving self‐regulatory difficulties for children with FASD s. Nine studies focused on improving specific areas of dysfunction. Six studies addressed social skills; 3 of these used an adaptation of a well‐validated social skills program. Three studies provided promising initial evidence that parents and caregivers could benefit from support with child behavior and a further 4 studies provided education and advocacy for parents/caregivers, teachers, or child welfare workers. The final 2 studies were aimed at supporting parents who were themselves affected by prenatal alcohol exposure. Conclusions There is growing evidence for interventions that improve outcomes for early to middle childhood. However, a lack of research exists outside of this developmental period. This lack of research is concerning given the potential positive impact of early intervention, for individuals and, financially, for governments. In addition, the lack of interventions for adolescents and adults further highlights the widening developmental gap and the potential influence of secondary disabilities for this at‐risk population.