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Lidocaine increases the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL ‐10 following mechanical ventilation in healthy mice
Author(s) -
WAL S.,
VANEKER M.,
STEEGERS M.,
BERKUM B.,
KOX M.,
LAAK J.,
HOEVEN J.,
VISSERS K.,
SCHEFFER G. J.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.738
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1399-6576
pISSN - 0001-5172
DOI - 10.1111/aas.12417
Subject(s) - medicine , lidocaine , anesthesia , ventilation (architecture) , cytokine , anesthetic , pharmacology , lung , in vivo , mechanical ventilation , local anesthetic , tidal volume , respiratory system , immunology , mechanical engineering , microbiology and biotechnology , engineering , biology
Background Mechanical ventilation ( MV ) induces an inflammatory response that may result in (acute) lung injury. Lidocaine, an amide local anesthetic, has anti‐inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo, possibly due to an attenuation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, intracellular adhesion molecule‐1 ( ICAM ‐1), and reduction of neutrophils influx. We hypothesized an attenuation of MV ‐induced inflammatory response with intravenously administered lidocaine. Methods Lidocaine ( L ido) (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg/h) was intravenously administered during 4 h of MV with a tidal volume of 8 ml/kg, positive end expiratory pressure 1,5 cmH 2 O and FiO 2 0.4. We used one ventilated control ( CON ) group receiving vehicle. After MV , mice were euthanized, and lungs and blood were immediately harvested, and cytokine levels and ICAM ‐1 levels were measured in plasma and lung homogenates. Pulmonary neutrophils influx was determined in LEDER ‐stained slices of lungs. Anesthetic need was determined by painful hind paw stimulation. Results Lidocaine‐treated animals ( L ido 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg/h) showed higher interleukin ( IL )‐10 plasma levels compared to control animals. Lidocaine treatment with 8 mg/kg/h ( L ido 8) resulted in higher IL ‐10 in lung homogenates. No differences were observed in pro‐inflammatory cytokines, ICAM ‐1, and pulmonary influx between the different ventilated groups. Conclusions Intravenously administered lidocaine increases levels of plasma IL ‐10 with infusion from 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg/h and pulmonary levels of IL ‐10 with 8 mg/kg/h in a murine mechanical ventilation model. Intravenously administered lidocaine appears to reduce anesthetic need in mice.