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Study of the efficacy of Aureobasidium strains belonging to three different species: A . pullulans , A. subglaciale and A. melanogenum against Botrytis cinerea of tomato
Author(s) -
Di Francesco Alessandra,
Di Foggia Michele,
Zajc Janja,
GundeCimerman Nina,
Baraldi Elena
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
annals of applied biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1744-7348
pISSN - 0003-4746
DOI - 10.1111/aab.12627
Subject(s) - aureobasidium pullulans , botrytis cinerea , biology , pectinase , microbiology and biotechnology , xylanase , mycelium , pathogenic fungus , fungus , enzyme , food science , botany , biochemistry , fermentation
Abstract The difference in antagonistic activity against the causal agent of grey mould ( Botrytis cinerea ) of tomato between Aureobasidium strains belonging to three different species, namely A. pullulans , A. melanogenum and A. subglaciale , was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays. In the yeast–pathogen direct interaction experiment, all the strains significantly reduced B. cinerea growth, with A. melanogenum the least efficient species (17.8% of reduction) compared to A. pullulans and subglaciale (22 and 27.8%). The non‐volatile metabolites produced by all three species reduced mycelial growth between 95 and 100%. These metabolites were characterised by FT‐IR spectroscopy as polysaccharides, lytic enzymes, siderophores and antibiotics. The inhibitory effect of Aureobasidium strains on pathogenic enzymes such as xylanase, polygalacturonase and pectinase was measured showing A. pullulans strains as capable of strong inhibition of xylanase, an enzyme directly related to the virulence of necrotrophic pathogens such as B. cinerea. Our data demonstrate that the different species of Aureobasidium isolated from a range of non‐conventional environments exerted variable efficacy against B. cinerea , with A. pullulans as the most active species followed by A. subglaciale and A. melanogenum as ineffective and not suitable for biocontrol applications.