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Model‐based ordination for species with unequal niche widths
Author(s) -
Veen Bert,
Hui Francis K. C.,
Hovstad Knut A.,
Solbu Erik B.,
O'Hara Robert B.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
methods in ecology and evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.425
H-Index - 105
ISSN - 2041-210X
DOI - 10.1111/2041-210x.13595
Subject(s) - niche , ordination , ecological niche , generalist and specialist species , range (aeronautics) , species distribution , quadratic equation , environmental niche modelling , maxima , ecology , multivariate statistics , biology , mathematics , statistics , habitat , geometry , materials science , art , performance art , composite material , art history
Abstract It is common practice for ecologists to examine species niches in the study of community composition. The response curve of a species in the fundamental niche is usually assumed to be quadratic. The centre of a quadratic curve represents a species' optimal environmental conditions, and the width its ability to tolerate deviations from the optimum. Most multivariate methods assume species respond linearly to niche axes, or with a quadratic curve that is of equal width for all species. However, it is widely understood that some species have the ability to better tolerate deviations from their optimal environment (generalists) compared to other (specialist) species. Rare species often tolerate a smaller range of environments than more common species, corresponding to a narrow niche. We propose a new method, for ordination and fitting Joint Species Distribution Models, based on Generalized Linear Mixed‐effects Models, which relaxes the assumptions of equal tolerances. By explicitly estimating species maxima, and species optima and tolerances per ecological gradient, we can better explore how species relate to each other.