Open AccessFOXM1: A potential indicator to predict lymphatic metastatic recurrence in stage IIA esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Author(s) -
Xiao Zhaohua,
Jia Yang,
Jiang Wenpeng,
Wang Zhou,
Zhang Zhiping,
Gao Yanyun
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
thoracic cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.823
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 1759-7714
pISSN - 1759-7706
DOI - 10.1111/1759-7714.12776
Subject(s) - medicine , foxm1 , stage (stratigraphy) , immunohistochemistry , lymphovascular invasion , oncology , esophageal cancer , pathology , multivariate analysis , proportional hazards model , esophageal squamous cell carcinoma , cancer , gastroenterology , metastasis , cell cycle , biology , paleontology
Background Previous studies have elucidated that FOXM1 may predict poor prognosis in patients with multiple solid malignant tumors. In this study we explored the differential expression of FOXM1 in stage IIA esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and investigated its prognostic value. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to detect FOXM1 expression in ESCC. Correlations between FOXM1 expression and clinicopathological variables, and five‐year lymphatic metastatic recurrence (LMR) and overall survival (OS) of patients were analyzed. Results FOXM1 was aberrantly expressed in ESCC. Statistical analysis revealed a close relationship between FOXM1 expression and tumor size ( P = 0.024), depth of invasion ( P = 0.048), and degree of differentiation ( P = 0.043). The five‐year LMR of patients in the FOXM1 overexpression group was significantly increased compared to the low expression group ( P = 0.001). The five‐year OS of patients in the FOXM1 overexpression group was significantly reduced compared to the low expression group ( P = 0.007). Log‐rank tests demonstrated that large tumor size ( P = 0.044), poor differentiation degree ( P = 0.005), deep invasion ( P = 0.000), and FOXM1 overexpression ( P = 0.007) may indicate poor prognosis in stage IIA ESCC. Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that all of these variables were independent predictors of unfavorable outcome ( P < 0.05). Conclusion FOXM1 could be a predictor of lymphatic metastatic recurrence in stage IIA ESCC after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.