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Background  Thymic complete resection is considered the standard treatment for all thymic tumors; however, the ideal resection for non‐myasthenic early stage thymic tumors has not yet been determined. We conducted a retrospective study to examine this unique scenario.    Methods  We retrospectively analyzed the data of 118 early stage thymoma patients who underwent thymectomy ( TM ) or thymomectomy ( TMM ) with curative intent between January 2003 and December 2013 at our institution. Patients with myasthenia, thymic carcinomas, tumors with undetermined histology, and more advanced stage thymoma patients were excluded. We compared overall survival ( OS ) and disease‐free survival ( DFS ) according to the extent of thymic resection, tumor staging, and size.    Results  One hundred and eighteen patients were staged as early thymoma.  TM  was performed in 43 (35.6%) patients and  TMM  in 75 (64.4%). Forty‐nine (65.3%) patients with a tumor ≤ 3 cm underwent  TMM , and 9 (20.9%)  TM . Twenty‐six (34.7%) patients with a tumor > 3 cm underwent  TMM , and 34 (79.1%)  TM . Seventy‐four patients were categorized as stage  I : 57 (76%) underwent  TMM  and 17 (39.5%)  TM . Forty‐four patients were categorized as stage  II : 18 (24%) underwent  TMM  and 26 (60.5%)  TM . There was no statistically significant difference in recurrence between the groups ( P  = 0.250).    Conclusion  No difference in the rate of recurrence was observed in early stage non‐myasthenic patients following thymic resection and  M asaoka– K oga staging. However, TM is considered a better option for early stage thymoma patients with tumors > 3 cm.

Is thymomectomy sufficient for non‐myasthenic early stage thymoma patients? A retrospective, single center experience