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Background  The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate percutaneous radiofrequency ablation ( RFA ) combined with palliative thoracoscopic pleurodesis ( TP ) for malignant pleural effusion and/or pleural disseminated non‐small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ), diagnosed by thoracoscopy.    Methods  The study was composed of 40 patients with primary  NSCLC  with malignant pleural effusion and/or pleural dissemination recognized for the first time during thoracoscopic exploration. Twenty patients received  TPR  ( TP  plus  RFA  group), while the remaining 20 patients who underwent  TP  ( TP  group) represented the control. We evaluated technical success, safety, initial response rate, progression‐free survival ( PFS ), and overall survival ( OS ).    Results  No procedure‐related deaths or major complications occurred in any of the 22 ablation procedures. Complete response was observed in 15% of patients, partial response in 50%, stable disease in 25%, and progressive disease in 15% of patients. The mean follow‐up was 15.5 months. The  PFS  at years one, two, and three were 77.5%, 38.8%, and 25.8%, respectively. The  OS  at years one, two, and three were 77.5%, 41.4%, and 27.6%, respectively. The  PFS  and  OS  were longer in the  TP‐R  group, indicating a better prognosis than that of the patients who underwent  TP  only ( OS  24 vs. 18 months,  P  = 0.030;  PFS  22 vs. 15 months,  P  = 0.036).    Conclusions  Palliative  TP  combined with percutaneous  RFA  is a safe, feasible, and effective procedure in patients with malignant pleural effusion and/or pleural disseminated  NSCLC .

thoracic cancer

Effect of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation after thoracoscopic pleurodesis for treating non‐small cell lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion and/or pleural dissemination