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Background  It has been shown that 14‐3‐3 σ serves as a tumor suppressor gene, and is downregulated in various tumor tissues. However, the role of 14‐3‐3 σ during the initiation and progression of lung squamous cell carcinoma ( SqCC ) is not well understood.    Methods  The expression status of 14‐3‐3 σ in archival tissue samples from 40 lung  SqCC  patients (36 with normal bronchia, 19 squamous metaplasia, and 17 dysplasia/carcinoma  in situ , in their tissue samples) was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The proliferation rate and tumor formation ability of the  H520  cell transfected with 14‐3‐3 σ was tested with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and nude mice subcutaneous injection, respectively.    Results  In the normal bronchial epithelia, 14‐3‐3 σ was highly expressed, whereas it was significantly decreased in precancerous and cancerous tissues. Compared with matched invasive cancer tissues, the expression level of 14‐3‐3 σ in squamous metaplasia was significantly higher ( P  = 0.049), while that in dysplasia/carcinoma  in situ  showed no significant changes ( P  = 0.135). Statistical analysis showed that the expression level of 14‐3‐3 σ in tumor tissue was associated with the differentiation grade of the tumor ( P  = 0.001) and the prognosis of the patient ( P  = 0.003). The overexpression of 14‐3‐3 σ significantly suppressed the proliferation of H520 cells  in vitro  and  in vivo .    Conclusion  The inactivation of 14‐3‐3 σ may be a very early event in tumorigenesis and could facilitate the initiation and progression of lung  SqCC  in a sustainable way.

thoracic cancer

Decreased expression of 14‐3‐3 σ, an early event of malignant transformation of respiratory epithelium, also facilitates progression of squamous cell lung cancer