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Simulated future conditions of ocean warming and acidification disrupt the microbiome of the calcifying foraminifera Marginopora vertebralis across life stages
Author(s) -
Botté E. S.,
Luter H. M.,
Marangon E.,
Patel F.,
Uthicke S.,
Webster N. S.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
environmental microbiology reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.229
H-Index - 69
ISSN - 1758-2229
DOI - 10.1111/1758-2229.12900
Subject(s) - foraminifera , biology , ocean acidification , benthic zone , microbiome , juvenile , ecology , proteobacteria , climate change , marine life , zoology , bioinformatics , bacteria , genetics , 16s ribosomal rna
Summary Foraminifera host diverse microbial communities that can shift in response to changing environmental conditions. To characterize climate change impacts on the foraminifera microbiome across life stages, we exposed adult Marginopora vertebralis (Large Benthic Foraminifera) to p CO 2 and temperature scenarios representing present‐day, 2050 and 2100 levels and raised juveniles under present‐day and 2050 conditions. While treatment condition had no significant effect on the seawater microbial communities, exposure to future scenarios significantly altered both adult and juvenile microbiomes. In adults, divergence between present‐day and 2050 or 2100 conditions was primarily driven by a reduced relative abundance of Oxyphotobacteria under elevated temperature and p CO 2 . In juveniles, the microbial shift predominantly resulted from changes in the proportion of Proteobacteria. Indicator species analysis identified numerous treatment‐specific indicator taxa, most of which were indicative of present‐day conditions. Oxyphotobacteria, previously reported as putative symbionts of foraminifera, were indicative of present‐day and 2050 conditions in adults, but of present‐day conditions only in juveniles. Overall, we show that the sensitivity of the M. vertebralis microbiome to climate change scenarios extends to both life stages and primarily correlates with declines in Oxyphotobacteria and shifts in Proteobacteria under elevated temperature and p CO 2 .