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Identification of growing bacteria during litter decomposition in freshwater through H 2 18 O quantitative stable isotope probing
Author(s) -
Hayer Michaela,
Schwartz Egbert,
Marks Jane C.,
Koch Benjamin J.,
Morrissey Ember M.,
Schuettenberg Alexa A.,
Hungate Bruce A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
environmental microbiology reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.229
H-Index - 69
ISSN - 1758-2229
DOI - 10.1111/1758-2229.12475
Subject(s) - firmicutes , biology , proteobacteria , stable isotope probing , bacteroidetes , taxon , ecology , litter , plant litter , stable isotope ratio , microorganism , abundance (ecology) , aquatic ecosystem , bacterioplankton , ecosystem , bacteria , botany , nutrient , 16s ribosomal rna , phytoplankton , genetics , physics , quantum mechanics
Summary Identification of microorganisms that facilitate the cycling of nutrients in freshwater is paramount to understanding how these ecosystems function. Here, we identify growing aquatic bacteria usingH 2 18 O quantitative stable isotope probing. During 8 day incubations in 97 atom %H 2 18 O , 54% of the taxa grew. The most abundant phyla among growing taxa were Proteobacteria (45%), Bacteroidetes (30%) and Firmicutes (10%). Taxa differed in isotopic enrichment, reflecting variation in DNA replication of bacterial populations. At the class level, the highest atom fraction excess was observed for OPB41 and δ‐ Proteobacteria . There was no linear relationship between 18 O incorporation and abundance of taxa. δ‐ Proteobacteria and OPB41 were not abundant, yet the DNA of both taxa was highly enriched in 18 O. Bacteriodetes , in contrast, were abundant but not highly enriched. Our study shows that a large proportion of the bacterial taxa found on decomposing leaf litter grew slowly, and several low abundance taxa were highly enriched. These findings indicating that rare organisms may be important for the decomposition of leaf litter in streams, and that quantitative stable isotope probing withH 2 18 O can be used to advance our understanding of microorganisms in freshwater by identifying species that are growing in complex communities.