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Environmental distribution of two widespread uncultured freshwater E uryarchaeota clades unveiled by specific primers and quantitative PCR
Author(s) -
RestrepoOrtiz Claudia X.,
Casamayor Emilio O.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
environmental microbiology reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.229
H-Index - 69
ISSN - 1758-2229
DOI - 10.1111/1758-2229.12088
Subject(s) - thaumarchaeota , biology , euryarchaeota , archaea , plankton , trophic level , phytoplankton , ecology , 16s ribosomal rna , crenarchaeota , clade , gene , phylogenetics , genetics , nutrient
Summary Quantitative environmental distribution of two widely distributed uncultured freshwater E uryarchaeota with unknown functional role was explored by newly designed quantitative PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene of clades M iscellaneous E uryarchaeota G roup ( MEG , containing the groups pMC2A384 and VALII / E ury4) and D eep‐ S ea E uryarchaeotal G roups ( DSEG , targeting the cluster named VALIII containing the DHVE ‐3/ DSEG , BC07‐2A ‐27/ DSEG ‐3 and DSEG ‐2 groups), respectively. The summer surface plankton of 28 lakes was analysed, and one additional dimictic deep alpine lake, L ake R edon, was temporally and vertically surveyed covering seasonal limnological variability. A trophic range between 0.2 and 5.2 μg l −1 C hl a , and pH span from 3.8 to 9.5 was explored at altitudes between 632 and 2590 m above sea level. The primers showed to be highly selective with c. 85% coverage and 100% specificity. Only pH significantly explained the changes observed in gene abundances and environment. In L ake R edon, DSEG bloomed in deep stratified waters both in summer and early spring, and MEG at intermediate depths during the ice‐cover period. Overall, MEG and DSEG showed a differential ecological distribution although correlational analyses indicated lack of coupling of both E uryarchaeota with phytoplankton (chlorophyll a ). However, an intriguing positive and significant relationship was found between DSEG and putative ammonia oxidizing thaumarchaeota.