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Alternative states drive the patterns in the bacterioplankton composition in shallow P ampean lakes ( A rgentina)
Author(s) -
Llames Maria E.,
del Giorgio Paul A.,
Zagarese Horacio,
Ferraro Marcela,
Izaguirre Irina
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
environmental microbiology reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.229
H-Index - 69
ISSN - 1758-2229
DOI - 10.1111/1758-2229.12020
Subject(s) - bacterioplankton , temperature gradient gel electrophoresis , ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis , phytoplankton , community structure , ecology , metacommunity , temperate climate , biology , environmental science , plankton , turbidity , nutrient , biological dispersal , ribosomal rna , bacteria , 16s ribosomal rna , internal transcribed spacer , demography , sociology , gene , genetics , population , biochemistry
Summary We assessed the influence of environmental factors in shaping the free‐living bacterial community structure in a set of shallow lakes characterized by contrasting stable state patterns (clear‐vegetated, inorganic‐turbid and phytoplankton‐turbid). Six temperate shallow lakes from the P ampa P lain ( A rgentina) were sampled over an annual cycle, and two fingerprinting techniques were applied: a 16 S rDNA analysis was performed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE ) profiles, and a 16 S –23 S internally transcribed spacer region analysis was conducted by means of automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis ( ARISA ) profiles. Our results show that the steady state that characterized the different shallow lakes played a major role in structuring the community: the composition of free‐living bacteria differed significantly between clear‐vegetated, inorganic‐turbid and phytoplankton‐turbid shallow lakes. The state of the system was more important in determining these patterns than seasonality, geographical location or degree of hydrological connectivity. Moreover, this strong environmental control was particularly evident in the pattern observed in one of the lakes, which shifted from a clear to a turbid state over the course of the study. This lake showed a directional selection of species from a typical clear ‐like to a turbid ‐like community. The combined DGGE / ARISA approach revealed not only broad patterns among different alternative steady states, but also more subtle differences within different regimes.