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Interleukin‐32γ: Possible association with the activity and development of nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Author(s) -
Kwon Oh Chan,
Ghang Byeongzu,
Lee EunJu,
Hong Seokchan,
Lee ChangKeun,
Yoo Bin,
Kim Soohyun,
Kim YongGil
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of rheumatic diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1756-185X
pISSN - 1756-1841
DOI - 10.1111/1756-185x.13550
Subject(s) - medicine , lupus nephritis , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , nephritis , immunology , antibody , cytokine , interleukin , gastroenterology , disease
Aim Growing evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)‐32 is a cytokine involved in various autoimmune diseases. We aimed to investigate whether IL‐32γ is involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Method Sera from SLE patients without LN (n = 47), LN patients (n = 19) and healthy controls (n = 10) were collected. The serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon‐γ, IL‐6, IL‐18, and IL‐32γ, were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical parameters at the time of sampling were obtained from medical records, and correlations between IL‐32γ and clinical parameters were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Immunohistochemistry evaluating IL‐32 expression was performed in renal tissues of LN patients and healthy controls. Results Among the cytokines measured in sera, the level of IL‐32γ was higher in LN patients than in SLE patients without LN and in healthy controls. Among clinical parameters, concentrations of C3/C4 were lower and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein, anti‐double‐stranded DNA (anti‐dsDNA) antibodies, and SLE Disease Activity Index‐2000 (SLEDAI‐2K) were higher in LN patients than in SLE patients without LN. IL‐32γ level was negatively correlated with C3/C4 and positively correlated with anti‐dsDNA antibodies and the renal component of SLEDAI‐2K. In LN patients, IL‐32γ level was positively correlated with the activity and chronicity indices. IL‐32 expression was significantly higher in renal tissues of LN patients than in healthy controls. Conclusion IL‐32γ could be associated with the activity and development of LN in SLE.