Noncoding RNA s as therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis with diabetes mellitus

Summary Atherosclerosis is one of the major macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus ( DM ), and it is the main cause of death from clinical observation. Among various cell types involved in this disorder, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMC s), and macrophages play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of this disease. The regulation and stabilization of these cells are a key therapeutic strategy for DM ‐associated atherosclerosis. An increasing number of evidences implicate that various types of noncoding RNA s (nc RNA s) play a vital role in many cellular responses as well as in physiological and pathological processes of atherosclerosis and DM that drive atherogenic/antiatherogenic processes in those cells. Encouragingly, many nc RNA s have already been tested in animal experiments or clinical trials showing good performance. In this review, we summarize recent progresses in research on functional regulatory role of nc RNA s in atherosclerosis with DM . More importantly, we illustrate new thoughts and findings relevant to nc RNA s as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers for atherosclerosis with DM .