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DNA barcoding N eotropical fishes: recent advances from the P ampa P lain, A rgentina
Author(s) -
Rosso J. J.,
Mabragaña E.,
González Castro M.,
Díaz de Astarloa J. M.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
molecular ecology resources
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.96
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1755-0998
pISSN - 1755-098X
DOI - 10.1111/1755-0998.12010
Subject(s) - biology , dna barcoding , zoology , misgurnus , species complex , subgenus , evolutionary biology , taxonomy (biology) , phylogenetic tree , fish <actinopterygii> , genetics , fishery , gene
The fish fauna of the P ampa P lain, the southernmost distribution range of many N eotropical species, was barcoded in this study. COI sequences were analysed by means of distance ( K 2 P / NJ ) and character‐based ( ML ) models, as well as the B arcode I ndex N umber ( BIN ). K 2 P / NJ analysis was able to discriminate among all previously identified species while also revealing the likely occurrence of two cryptic species that were further supported by BIN and ML analyses. On the other hand, both BIN and ML were not able to discriminate between two species of R ineloricaria . Despite the small genetic divergence between A . cf. pampa and A . eigenmanniorum , a tight array of haplotypes was observed for each species in both the distance and character‐based methods. Deep intraspecific divergences were detected in C nesterodon decemmaculatus (5%) and S alminus brasiliensis (6%). For Salminus brasiliensis, these findings were further supported by character‐based ( ML ) evidence and meristic and morphological data. Our results also showed that Pampa Plain representatives of S alminus brasiliensis , R hamdia quelen , H oplias malabaricus , S ynbranchus marmoratus , A ustraloheros facetus , O ligosarcus jenynsii and C orydoras paleatus differed by more than 3% from their conspecifics from other parts of South America. Overall, this study was able to highlight the likely occurrence of a cryptic species in S alminus brasiliensis and also illustrate the strong geographical structure in the COI sequence composition of seven fish species from S outh A merica.