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Distribution of lymph node metastases on FDG ‐ PET / CT in inoperable or unresectable oesophageal cancer patients and the impact on target volume definition in radiation therapy
Author(s) -
Machiels Melanie,
Wouterse Sanne J,
Geijsen Elisabeth D,
Os Rob M,
Bennink Roel J,
Laarhoven Hanneke WM,
Hulshof Maarten CCM
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.31
H-Index - 43
eISSN - 1754-9485
pISSN - 1754-9477
DOI - 10.1111/1754-9485.12474
Subject(s) - medicine , lymph node , radiation therapy , radiology , cancer , nuclear medicine
Definitive chemoradiotherapy ( dCRT ) is standard care for localised inoperable/unresectable oesophageal tumours. Many surgical series have reported on distribution of lymph node metastases ( LNM ) in resected patients. However, no data is available on the distribution of at‐risk LN regions in this more unfavourable patient group. This study aimed to determine the spread of LNM using FDG ‐ PET / CT , to compare it with the distribution in surgical series and to define its impact on the definition of elective LN irradiation ( ENI ). Methods FDG ‐ PET / CT images of patients with oesophageal cancer treated with dCRT (from 2003 to 2013) were reviewed to identify the anatomic distribution of FDG ‐avid LN s. Tumours were divided according to proximal, mid‐thoracic or distal localisation. Results About 105 consecutive patients entered analysis. The highest numbers of FDG ‐avid LN s in proximal tumours were at LN station 101R (45%) and 106recL (35%). For mid‐thoracic tumours at 104R (30%) and 105 (30%). For tumours located in the distal oesophagus, the most common sites were along the lesser curvature of the stomach (21%) and the left gastric artery (21%). Except for the supraclavicular and pretracheal nodes, there were no positive locoregional LNM found outside the standard surgical resection area. Conclusion Our results show a good correlation between the distribution of nodal volumes at risk in surgical series and on FDG ‐ PET / CT . The results can be used to determine target definition in dCRT for oesophageal cancer. For mid‐thoracic tumours, the current target delineation guidelines may be extended based on the risk of node involvement, but more clinical studies are needed to determine if the potential harm of expanding the CTV outweighs the potential benefit.