Open AccessGender differences in the association between lifestyle behaviors and diabetes distress in a community sample of adults with type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Lipscombe Carla,
Smith Kimberley J.,
Gariepy Geneviève,
Schmitz Norbert
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.949
H-Index - 43
eISSN - 1753-0407
pISSN - 1753-0393
DOI - 10.1111/1753-0407.12298
Subject(s) - medicine , distress , diabetes mellitus , confidence interval , demography , type 2 diabetes , type 2 diabetes mellitus , logistic regression , endocrinology , clinical psychology , sociology
Background The present study examined the association between moderate and severe diabetes distress ( DD ) and lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption) in a community sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ). Methods A total of 1971 adults with T2DM were recruited using mixed methods sampling. Participants were considered eligible if they had a doctor diagnosis of T2DM (≤10 years), were insulin naïve, aged 40–75 years, and were from Q uebec, C anada. Participants provided information on DD , lifestyle behaviors, sociodemographic, and diabetes‐related factors. Multinomial logistic regressions examined the association between moderate and severe DD and each lifestyle behavior, according to gender. Effect estimates can be interpreted as probability ratios ( PR ). Results In females, physical inactivity was associated with an increased likelihood of moderate distress ( PR 2.2; 95% confidence interval [ CI ] 1.49–3.24) and severe distress ( PR 1.80; 95% CI 1.00–3.24). In males, only severe distress was associated with physical inactivity ( PR 1.92; 95% CI 1.00–3.66). Current smoking was associated with a greater probability of severe distress in males ( PR 3.0; 95% CI 1.54–5.84) and females ( PR 1.32; 95% CI 0.67–2.60); however this effect was stronger in males. No association was found between alcohol consumption and DD in females. In males, frequent alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced probability of moderate ( PR 0.56; 95% CI 0.34–0.91) and severe distress ( PR 0.47; 95% CI 0.21–1.06). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest important gender differences in the association between DD and lifestyle behaviors.