Premium
Second‐look endoscopy‐guided therapy under sedation prevents early rebleeding after variceal ligation for acute variceal bleeding
Author(s) -
Wang An Jiang,
Wang Jian,
Zheng Xue Lian,
Liao Wang Di,
Yu Hui Qiang,
Gong Yue,
Gan Na,
You Yu,
Guo Gui Hai,
Xie Bu Shan,
Zhong Jia Wei,
Hong Jun Bo,
Liu Li,
Shu Xu,
Zhu Yin,
Li Bi Min,
Zhu Xuan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of digestive diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1751-2980
pISSN - 1751-2972
DOI - 10.1111/1751-2980.12847
Subject(s) - medicine , gastroenterology , discontinuation , randomization , esophageal varices , adverse effect , endoscopy , varices , sclerotherapy , hazard ratio , randomized controlled trial , portal hypertension , surgery , cirrhosis , confidence interval
Objectives To investigate whether second‐look endoscopy (SLE)‐guided therapy could be used to prevent post‐endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) early bleeding. Methods Consecutive cirrhotic patients with large esophageal varices (EV) receiving successful EVL for acute variceal bleeding (AVB) or secondary prophylaxis were enrolled. The patients were randomized into a SLE group and a non‐SLE group (NSLE) 10 days after EVL. Additional endoscopic interventions as well as proton pump inhibitors and octreotide administration were applied based on the SLE findings. The post‐EVL early rebleeding and mortality rates were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 252 patients were included in the final analysis. Post‐EVL early rebleeding (13.5% vs 4.8%, P = 0.016) and bleeding‐caused mortality (4.8% vs 0%, P = 0.013) were more frequently observed in the NSLE group than in the SLE group. However, post‐EVL early rebleeding and mortality rates were reduced by SLE in patients receiving EVL for AVB only but not in those receiving secondary prophylaxis. Patients with Child‐Pugh classification B to C at randomization (hazard ratio [HR] 8.77, P = 0.034), AVB at index EVL (HR 3.62, P = 0.003), discontinuation of non‐selective β‐blocker after randomization (HR 4.68, P = 0.001) and non‐SLE (HR 2.63, P = 0.046) were more likely to have post‐EVL early rebleeding. No serious adverse events occurred during SLE. Conclusion SLE‐guided therapy reduces post‐EVL early rebleeding and mortality rates in cirrhotic patients with large EV receiving EVL for AVB.