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HLA‐DQ genotypes relative risks for celiac disease in Arabs: A case‐control study
Author(s) -
AlHussaini Abdulrahman,
EltayebElsheikh Nezar,
Alharthi Hanan,
Osman Awad,
Alshahrani Maram,
Sandogji Ibrahim,
Alrashidi Sami,
Bashir Muhammed Salman
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of digestive diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1751-2980
pISSN - 1751-2972
DOI - 10.1111/1751-2980.12817
Subject(s) - genotype , medicine , odds ratio , asymptomatic , human leukocyte antigen , gastroenterology , hla dq , case control study , disease , immunology , antigen , gene , genetics , biology , haplotype
Objectives It remains unknown what degree of risk is conferred by celiac disease (CD)‐predisposing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DQ genotypes in Saudi Arabia compared with in Western countries. In this study, we aimed to determine the CD risk gradient associated with the HLA‐DQ genotypes and to compare HLA‐DQ genotypes between symptomatic patients with CD and screening‐identified asymptomatic CD patients. Methods We enrolled three groups of subjects, including 46 CD children diagnosed consecutively over the past 10 years, 54 CD children diagnosed during a mass screening of schoolchildren, and 192 healthy controls. All the participants were typed for the HLA‐D Q A1 and HLA‐D Q B1 genes by polymerase chain reaction sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probes. Results Comparing the patients with CD to controls, we identified 5 groups in the CD risk gradient: (i) very high risk associated with the DQ2.5/DQ8 genotype (odds ratio [OR] 46.93); (ii) high risk ( homozygous DQ2.5, DQ2.5/DQ2.2 ; OR 4.12‐5.04); (iii) intermediate risk ( heterozygous DQ2.5 , DQ8/DQ2.2 ; OR 1.61 and 1.67); (iv) low risk ( DQ8, DQ2.2 ); and (v) very low risk ( DQ2.x , DQX.5 , DQX.x ). Heterozygous DQ8 was more common in screening‐identified group compared to symptomatic patients (13.0% vs 2.2%); however, other genotypes were very similar between the two groups. Conclusion The highest risk of developing CD in our Saudi Arabia population is associated with the DQ2.5/DQ8 genotype.