Prostate stem cell antigen gene TT genotype and development of intestinal metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori infection

Objectives Gastric cancer is etiologically related to interactions between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, environmental and host factors. Gastric carcinoma is associated with a cascade of increasing atrophic gastric mucosal damage. Prostate stem cell antigen ( PSCA ) polymorphisms have been associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. We aimed to examine the interaction between PSCA polymorphisms and H . pylori in the progression of H. pylori ‐related gastritis. Methods The genotypes (TT, TC and CC) of PSCA single nucleotide polymorphism rs2294008 among H . pylori infected and uninfected Bhutanese were compared with the severity of H. pylori ‐related gastritis [neutrophils, monocytes, atrophy scores, H . pylori density, and the presence and extent of intestinal metaplasia (IM)] using the updated Sydney system. Results Biopsies from 339 participants were included. The proportion of biopsies with IM was significantly ( P  < 0.05) greater in those with the TT genotype than in either those with the CT or CC genotype. Although no significant differences were found in inflammation or H . pylori density scores, the scores for IM at both gastric corpus and antrum among participants infected by H . pylori with the TT genotype was significantly ( P < 0.05) greater than in the C allele carriers. Conclusion PSCA TT genotype is associated with a more than a threefold increase in the prevalence and the extent of gastric mucosal IM compared to C allele carriers among H . pylori ‐infected Bhutanese.