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Effects of Water, Sodium Hypochlorite, Peroxyacetic Acid, and Acidified Sodium Chlorite on In‐Shell Hazelnuts Inoculated with Salmonella Enterica Serovar Panama
Author(s) -
Weller Lisa D.,
Daeschel Mark A.,
Durham Catherine A.,
Morrissey Michael T.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of food science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1750-3841
pISSN - 0022-1147
DOI - 10.1111/1750-3841.12294
Subject(s) - sodium hypochlorite , sodium chlorite , salmonella enterica , hand sanitizer , inoculation , chemistry , agar , food science , salmonella , chlorine , microbiology and biotechnology , horticulture , biology , chlorine dioxide , bacteria , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , genetics
Recent foodborne disease outbreaks involving minimally processed tree nuts have generated a need for improved sanitation procedures. Chemical sprays and dips have shown promise for reducing pathogens on fresh produce, but little research has been conducted for in‐shell hazelnuts. This study analyzed the effectiveness of 3 chemical sanitizers for reducing Salmonella on in‐shell hazelnuts. Treatments of water, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl; 25 and 50 ppm), peroxyacetic acid (PAA; 80 and 120 ppm), and acidified sodium chlorite (ASC; 450, 830, and 1013 ppm) were sprayed onto hazelnut samples inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Panama. Hazelnut samples were immersed in liquid cultures of S . Panama for 24 h, air‐dried, and then sprayed with water and chemical treatments. Inoculation achieved S . Panama populations of approximately 8.04 log CFU/hazelnut. Surviving S . panama populations were evaluated using a nonselective medium (tryptic soy agar), incubated 3 h, and then overlaid with selective media (xylose lysine deoxycholate agar). All of the chemical treatments significantly reduced S . Panama populations ( P ≤ 0.0001). The most effective concentrations of ASC, PAA, and NaOCl treatments reduced populations by 2.65, 1.46, and 0.66 log units, respectively. ASC showed the greatest potential for use as a postharvest sanitation treatment.