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Evaluation of common cocklebur X anthium strumarium leaf extract as post‐harvest grain protectant of black gram against pulse beetle C allosobruchus chinensis ( C oleoptera: B ruchidae) and isolation of crude compound
Author(s) -
Roy Balaram,
Amin Md Ruhul,
Jalal Shah,
Kwon Yong Jung,
Suh Sang Jae
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
entomological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.421
H-Index - 20
eISSN - 1748-5967
pISSN - 1738-2297
DOI - 10.1111/1748-5967.12076
Subject(s) - biology , gram , fecundity , pest analysis , callosobruchus chinensis , botany , horticulture , food science , toxicology , population , bacteria , genetics , demography , sociology
Abstract The pulse beetle C allosobruchus chinensis L . is considered the most important stored grain pest of black gram V igna mungo H epper in B angladesh and other tropical and subtropical countries. Bioactive compounds derived from plants can be used to control of the pulse beetle as a potential alternative to synthetic insecticides. Therefore, aqueous extracts of common cocklebur X anthium strumarium L . leaf was examined for insecticidal properties against C . chinensis. The extracts showed toxicity, repellent properties, inhibited fecundity and adult emergence of the insects, and protected grains. Insect mortality was accounted highest (72.6%) with 4% extract at 4 days after treatment. The beetles showed highest repellency rate (58.0%) with 4% concentration at 1 hour exposure; however insect repellency decreased with time. The beetles exerted the lowest fecundity and grain damage and produced the lowest number of offspring when they were reared on grains treated with 4% extract. The insecticidal compounds present in common cocklebur leaf were extracted in chloroform and ethanol, and isolated by thin layer chromatography ( TLC ) and spectral studies ( 1 H ‐ NMR and IR ), which identified the presence of aromatic ester, n ‐hexyl salicylate or o ‐hydroxy‐ n ‐hexyl‐benzoate and a long‐chain ketone. Therefore, naturally occurring X . strumarium and its derivatives may be potential components for integrated management of C . chinensis .