Addition of Novel Biomarkers for Predicting All‐Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients

Novel biomarkers might improve the prediction of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We simultaneously measured the levels of conventional and novel biomarkers [serum N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), intact fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF23), β2‐microglobulin (β2MG), cystatin C, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP)] in 307 prevalent Japanese HD patients. There were 66 all‐cause deaths, and 25 cardiovascular (CV) deaths during 2 years, which were assessed using Cox models and concordance (C)‐statistics. The addition of NT‐proBNP alone ( P  < 0.05) or NT‐proBNP, hsCRP, and β2MG as a panel (C‐statistics: 0.834 vs. 0.776, P  < 0.01) to a conventional risk model composed of age, diabetes, and the serum albumin level significantly improved the prediction of 2‐year all‐cause mortality, and the addition of NT‐proBNP and hsCRP as a panel to a conventional risk model composed of age significantly improved the prediction of 2‐year CV mortality ( P  < 0.05) in Japanese prevalent HD patients. Neither FGF23 nor cystatin C improved mortality prediction.