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Baculoviral p94 homologs encoded in Cotesia plutellae bracovirus suppress both immunity and development of the diamondback moth, Plutellae xylostella
Author(s) -
Kim Yonggyun,
Hepat Rahul
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
insect science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.991
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1744-7917
pISSN - 1672-9609
DOI - 10.1111/1744-7917.12237
Subject(s) - diamondback moth , biology , gene , host (biology) , rna interference , genetics , larva , plutella , rna , botany
Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are a group of insect DNA viruses, which exhibit a mutual symbiotic relationship with their specific host wasps. Moreover, most encapsidated genes identified so far in PDVs share homologies with insect‐originated genes, but not with virus‐originated genes. In the meantime, PDVs associated with 2 wasp genera Cotesia and Glytapanteles encode some genes presumably originated from other viruses. Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV) encodes 4 genes homologous to baculoviral p94 : CpBV‐E94k1 , CpBV‐E94k2 , CpBV‐E94k3 , and CpBV‐E94k4 . This study was conducted to predict the origin of CpBV‐E94ks by comparing their sequences with those of baculoviral orthologs and to determine the physiological functions by their transient expressions in nonparasitized larvae and subsequent specific RNA interference. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that CpBV‐E94k s were clustered with other E94k s originated from different PDVs and shared high similarity with betabaculoviral p94 s. These 4 CpBV genes were expressed during most developmental stages of the larvae of Plutella xylostella parasitized by C. plutellae . Expression of these 4 E94k s was mainly detected in hemocytes and fat body. Subsequent functional analysis by in vivo transient expression showed that all 4 viral genes significantly inhibited both host immune and developmental processes. These results suggest that CpBV‐E94k s share an origin with betabaculoviral p94 s and play parasitic roles in suppressing host immune and developmental processes.