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Permethrin resistance variation and susceptible reference line isolation in a field population of the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Author(s) -
Yang Ting,
Liu Nannan
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
insect science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.991
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1744-7917
pISSN - 1672-9609
DOI - 10.1111/1744-7917.12071
Subject(s) - biology , permethrin , culex quinquefasciatus , locus (genetics) , population , allele , larva , genetics , gene , veterinary medicine , botany , aedes aegypti , ecology , pesticide , demography , sociology , medicine
Abstract This study examines the genetic variations and mechanisms involved in the development of permethrin resistance in individual mosquitoes from a field population of Culex quinquefasciatus , HAmCq G0 , and characterizes susceptible reference lines of mosquitoes with a similar genetic background to the field HAmCq G0 strain. Six upregulated cytochrome P450 genes, CYP9M10 , CYP9J34 , CYP6P14 , CYP9J40 , CYP6AA7 , and CYP4C52v1 , previously identified as being upregulated in the larvae of resistant HAmCq G8 mosquitoes were examined in the larvae of 3 strains (susceptible S‐Lab, parental HAmCq G0 and permethrin‐selected highly resistant HAmCq G8 ) and 8 HAmCq G0 single‐egg raft colonies, covering a range of levels of susceptibility/resistance to permethrin and exhibiting different variations in the expression of A and/or T alleles at the L‐to‐F kdr locus of the sodium channel. The 2 lines with the lowest tolerance to permethrin and bearing solely the susceptible A allele at the L‐to‐F kdr locus of the sodium channels, from colonies Cx_SERC5 and Cx_SERC8, showed lower or similar levels of all 6 of the P450 genes tested compared with the S‐Lab strain, suggesting that these 2 lines could be used as the reference mosquitoes in future studies characterizing insecticide resistance in HAmCq mosquitoes. This study also provides a detailed investigation of the mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance in individuals within a population: individuals with elevated levels of resistance to permethrin all displayed one or more potential resistance mechanisms–either elevated levels of P450 gene expression, or L‐to‐F mutations in the sodium channel, or both.