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Budgeting by the Ballot: Initiatives in the State of Montana
Author(s) -
Tummala Krishna K.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
public budgeting and finance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.694
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 1540-5850
pISSN - 0275-1100
DOI - 10.1111/1540-5850.00589
Subject(s) - ballot , democracy , state (computer science) , process (computing) , public administration , government (linguistics) , core (optical fiber) , political science , recall , public relations , business , law , politics , psychology , voting , computer science , telecommunications , linguistics , philosophy , algorithm , operating system , cognitive psychology
Citizen participation in the decision‐making process and government's responsiveness to people's needs constitute the core of the democratic ethic. Three institutional arrangements are devised to make democracy more democratic: initiatives, referenda, and recall. This article deals specifically with the initiative process in the State of Montana. While citizen participation could be an end in itself, it is viewed here as a means to achieve specific ends. Three different initiatives are studied using four criteria to determine the efficacy of the process.