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The impact of human papillomavirus type on colposcopy performance in women offered HPV immunisation in a catch‐up vaccine programme: a two‐centre observational study
Author(s) -
Munro A,
Gillespie C,
Cotton S,
BusbyEarle C,
Kavanagh K,
Cuschieri K,
Cubie H,
Robertson C,
Smart L,
Pollock K,
Moore C,
Palmer T,
Cruickshank ME
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
bjog: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.157
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1471-0528
pISSN - 1470-0328
DOI - 10.1111/1471-0528.14563
Subject(s) - colposcopy , medicine , cervical intraepithelial neoplasia , cytology , gynecology , obstetrics , genotyping , cervical screening , cervical cancer , observational study , hpv infection , vaccination , human papillomavirus , population , genotype , virology , cancer , pathology , biology , gene , biochemistry , environmental health
Objective To determine whether human papillomavirus ( HPV ) immunisation has affected the prevalence of HPV genotypes and colposcopic features of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) in young women referred for colposcopy. Design A two‐centre observational study including vaccinated and unvaccinated women. Setting Colposcopy clinics serving two health regions in Scotland, UK . Population A total of 361 women aged 20–25 years attending colposcopy following an abnormal cervical cytology result at routine cervical screening. Methods Cervical samples were obtained from women for HPV DNA genotyping and mRNA E6/E7 expression of HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45. Demographic data, cytology, and histology results and colposcopic features were recorded. Chi‐square analysis was conducted to identify associations between vaccine status, HPV genotypes, and colposcopic features. Main outcome measures Colposcopic features, HPV genotypes, mRNA expression, and cervical histology. Results The prevalence of HPV 16 was significantly lower in the vaccinated group (8.6%) compared with the unvaccinated group (46.7%) ( P = 0.001). The number of cases of CIN 2+ was significantly lower in women who had been vaccinated ( P = 0.006). The HPV vaccine did not have a statistically significant effect on commonly recognised colposcopic features, but there was a slight reduction in the positive predictive value ( PPV ) of colposcopy for CIN 2+, from 74% (unvaccinated) to 66.7% (vaccinated). Conclusions In this group of young women with abnormal cytology referred to colposcopy, HPV vaccination via a catch‐up programme reduced the prevalence of CIN 2+ and HPV 16 infection. The reduced PPV of colposcopy for the detection of CIN 2+ in women who have been vaccinated is at the lower acceptable level of the UK national cervical screening programme guidelines. Tweetable abstract Reduction of hr HPV positivity and CIN in immunised women consistent with lower PPV of colposcopy for CIN 2+.