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Gestational weight gain and the risk of offspring obesity at 10 and 16 years: a prospective cohort study in low‐income women
Author(s) -
Diesel JC,
Eckhardt CL,
Day NL,
Brooks MM,
Arslanian SA,
Bodnar LM
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
bjog: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.157
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1471-0528
pISSN - 1470-0328
DOI - 10.1111/1471-0528.13448
Subject(s) - offspring , medicine , overweight , weight gain , obesity , body mass index , pregnancy , prospective cohort study , obstetrics , demography , cohort study , body weight , biology , genetics , sociology
Objective To study the association between gestational weight gain ( GWG ) and offspring obesity risk at ages chosen to approximate prepuberty (10 years) and postpuberty (16 years). Design Prospective pregnancy cohort. Setting Pittsburgh, PA , USA . Sample Low‐income pregnant women ( n = 514) receiving prenatal care at an obstetric residency clinic and their singleton offspring. Methods Gestational weight gain was classified based on maternal GWG ‐for‐gestational‐age Z‐score charts and was modelled using flexible spline terms in modified multivariable Poisson regression models. Main outcome measures Obesity at 10 or 16 years, defined as body mass index ( BMI ) Z ‐scores ≥95th centile of the 2000 CDC references, based on measured height and weight. Results The prevalence of offspring obesity was 20% at 10 years and 22% at 16 years. In the overall sample, the risk of offspring obesity at 10 and 16 years increased when GWG exceeded a GWG Z ‐score of 0 SD (equivalent to 30 kg at 40 weeks); but for gains below a Z ‐score of 0 SD there was no relationship with child obesity risk. The association between GWG and offspring obesity varied by prepregnancy BMI . Among mothers with a pregravid BMI <25 kg/m 2 , the risk of offspring obesity increased when GWG Z ‐score exceeded 0 SD , yet among overweight women ( BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ), there was no association between GWG Z ‐scores and offspring obesity risk. Conclusions Among lean women, higher GWG may have lasting effects on offspring obesity risk. Tweetable abstract Maternal weight gain is associated with offspring obesity at 10 and 16 years in a prospective study.