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Deviant early pregnancy maternal triglyceride levels and increased risk of congenital anomalies: a prospective community‐based cohort study
Author(s) -
Nederlof M,
Walle HEK,
Poppel MNM,
Vrijkotte TGM,
Gademan MGJ
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
bjog: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.157
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1471-0528
pISSN - 1470-0328
DOI - 10.1111/1471-0528.13393
Subject(s) - medicine , offspring , pregnancy , apolipoprotein b , prospective cohort study , cohort , obstetrics , percentile , population , gestation , cohort study , cholesterol , biology , statistics , genetics , mathematics , environmental health
Objective The maternal lipid profile could be of importance in congenital anomaly development. This study therefore investigates whether the maternal lipid profile during early pregnancy is associated with major nonsyndromic congenital anomalies ( MNCA ). Design Prospective community‐based cohort study. Setting Amsterdam Born Children and their Development ( ABCD ) study. Population A cohort of 3074 pregnant women recruited in 2003–2004 and their offspring. Methods Non‐fasting blood samples from pregnant women participating in the ABCD ‐study (median 12.9 weeks of gestation) were analysed for triglycerides ( TG ), cholesterol ( TC ), free fatty acids ( FFA ), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA) ( n = 3074). The perinatal outcome ( MNCA ) was obtained from the Youth Health Care Registration and two questionnaires. Adjustment was made for ethnicity. Main outcome measure MNCA prevalence. Results The prevalence of MNCA was 2.2% ( n = 68: 20 cardiovascular, 25 bone and muscle, and 23 other single anomalies). A nonlinear association was found between maternal TG levels and MNCA prevalence. With a lower or higher level of maternal TG , the estimated probability increased: a TG level of 0.73 mmol/l (5th percentile), of 1.28 mmol/l (50th percentile), and of 2.35 mmol/l (95th percentile) corresponded with an estimated probability of 3.6, 2.1, and 2.9%, respectively. Unadjusted subgroup analyses showed that the U‐shaped association was most prominent for cardiovascular congenital anomalies. Other lipids were not associated with MNCA . Conclusions Both low and high maternal TG levels during early pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of MNCA in offspring. This suggests that an attempt should be made to normalise TG levels before or during early pregnancy; however, replication of our results is necessary before clinical practice recommendations can be made. Tweetable abstract Both low and high maternal TG levels during early pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of MNCA in offspring. This suggests that an attempt should be made to normalise TG levels before or during early pregnancy; however, replication of our results is necessary before clinical practice recommendations can be made.