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Matrix effects of milk, dairy factory wastewater and soil water on the determination of disinfection by‐products and para‐ cresol using solid‐phase microextraction
Author(s) -
Heaven Michael W,
Verheyen T Vincent,
Reynolds Alicia,
Wild Karl,
Watkins Mark,
Nash David
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of dairy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.061
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1471-0307
pISSN - 1364-727X
DOI - 10.1111/1471-0307.12104
Subject(s) - solid phase microextraction , chemistry , polydimethylsiloxane , chromatography , wastewater , matrix (chemical analysis) , cresol , detection limit , pollutant , environmental chemistry , phenol , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , environmental science , environmental engineering , mass spectrometry , organic chemistry
Assessing pollutant concentrations can be hampered by the complex matrices found in the dairy supply/processing chain. Matrix effects were examined using solid‐phase microextraction ( SPME ) used to sample haloacetic acid methyl esters ( HAAM e) and para‐ cresol. In general, HAAM e were more difficult to detect with a polydimethylsiloxane fibre than with carboxen–polydimethylsiloxane fibre. Headspace sampling generally provided better detection of HAAM e than direct immersion with the reverse true for para‐ cresol. For para‐ cresol, equivalent ratios up to 18.8 were detected. Other compounds detected included sulphides, VOC 's, phenols and indoles. For milk samples, most compounds collected by SPME were found using direct immersion.