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The Earliest Norman Sheriffs
Author(s) -
SHARPE RICHARD
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
history
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.12
H-Index - 15
eISSN - 1468-229X
pISSN - 0018-2648
DOI - 10.1111/1468-229x.12244
Subject(s) - conquest , history , character (mathematics) , reign , officer , classics , law , ancient history , political science , archaeology , politics , geometry , mathematics
Before the Norman Conquest the Latin word used for sheriff is usually praepositus , and after the Conquest it is uicecomes . The article focuses on two Latin diplomas from the beginning of William I's reign in which minister is used for sheriff, a word which was otherwise in transition from signifying thegn before the Conquest to reeve or bailiff after. This crossover in the words used in royal charters reflects Norman thought as to the character of the shrieval office, at first seeing it as a service role but quickly reframing it as an officer substituting for the earl. The men described as minister in these documents are the earliest recorded Norman sheriffs, and the documents provide an insight into the rapid replacement of English sheriffs by Normans.