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Accounting System Reform in Japanese Local Governments
Author(s) -
Yamamoto Kiyoshi
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
financial accountability and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.661
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1468-0408
pISSN - 0267-4424
DOI - 10.1111/1468-0408.00086
Subject(s) - accounting , accrual , management accounting , accounting information system , business , governmental accounting , contingency , audit , local government , accounting standard , order (exchange) , financial accounting , positive accounting , fund accounting , economics , finance , political science , public administration , linguistics , philosophy , earnings
The New Public Management (NPM), of which the change from cash accounting to accrual accounting is considered an important tool, has been in fashion in many developed countries. Japanese governments, however, have preserved control of expenditures on a cash basis, though recently financial management reforms in local government have begun to adopt NPM ideas. Using a contingency framework which views the reform of accounting sub‐systems (management accounting, financial accounting and auditing) as stimulated by a combination of internal and external pressures, this paper explores why Japanese local governments managed to survive without accrual accounting and the prospects for further reform in the future. It is suggested that system change itself can be accomplished by internal pressures, in the form of mandated policies, alone but that sustained external pressures by citizens are required in order to achieve the intended outcomes of accounting reform.