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A Muscle‐based Feed‐forward Controller of the Human Body
Author(s) -
Komura Taku,
Shinagawa Yoshihisa,
Kunii Tosiyasu L.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
computer graphics forum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.578
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1467-8659
pISSN - 0167-7055
DOI - 10.1111/1467-8659.16.3conferenceissue.18
Subject(s) - computer science , animation , human body , motion capture , motion (physics) , controller (irrigation) , trajectory , control theory (sociology) , computer animation , virtual actor , human body model , open loop controller , feed forward , control (management) , computer vision , simulation , artificial intelligence , control engineering , closed loop , virtual reality , computer graphics (images) , engineering , physics , astronomy , agronomy , biology
There is an increasing demand for human body motion data. Motion capture and physical animation have been used to generate such data. It is, however, apparent that such methods cannot automatically generate arbitrary human body motions. A human body is a redundant multi‐linked body controlled by a number of muscles. For this reason, the muscles must work appropriately and cooperatively for controlling the whole body. It is well‐known that the human body control system is composed of two parts: The open‐loop feed‐forward control system and the closed‐loop feedback control system. Many researchers have investigated the characteristics of the latter by analyzing the response of a human body to various external perturbations. However, for the former, very few studies have been done. This paper proposes an open‐loop feed‐forward model of the lower extremities which includes postural control for accurate animation of a human body. Assumptions are made here that the feed‐forward controller minimizes a certain objective value while keeping the balance of the body stable. The actual human motion data obtained using a motion capturing technique is compared with the trajectory calculated using our method for verification. The best criteria which is based on muscle dynamics is proposed. Using our method, dynamically correct human animation can be created by merely specifying a few key postures.