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The “Test‐Tube” Generation: Parent–Child Relationships and the Psychological Well‐Being of In Vitro Fertilization Children at Adolescence
Author(s) -
Golombok Susan,
MacCallum Fiona,
Goodman Emma
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/1467-8624.00299
Subject(s) - psychology , developmental psychology , cohort , infertility , in vitro fertilisation , test (biology) , longitudinal study , clinical psychology , pregnancy , medicine , paleontology , pathology , biology , genetics
The introduction of in vitro fertilization (IVF) at the end of the 20th century constituted a fundamental change in the way in which families could be created, and by the start of the new millennium an increasing number of children have been (and are being) born as a result of this procedure. This article presents findings of a longitudinal study of the first cohort of children conceived by IVF to reach adolescence. Thirty‐four IVF families, 49 adoptive families, and 38 families with a naturally conceived child were compared on standardized interview and questionnaire measures of parent–child relationships and children's psychological well‐being. The few differences in parent–child relationships that were identified appeared to be associated with the experience of infertility rather than with IVF per se. The IVF children were found to be functioning well and did not differ from the adoptive or naturally conceived children on any of the assessments of social or emotional adjustment.