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Consistency and Development of Prosocial Dispositions: A Longitudinal Study
Author(s) -
Eisenberg Nancy,
Guthrie Ivanna K.,
Murphy Bridget C.,
Shepard Stephanie A.,
Cumberland Amanda,
Carlo Gustavo
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.103
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1467-8624
pISSN - 0009-3920
DOI - 10.1111/1467-8624.00100
Subject(s) - prosocial behavior , sympathy , psychology , developmental psychology , social psychology , consistency (knowledge bases) , helping behavior , altruism (biology) , geometry , mathematics
The issue of whether there is consistency in prosocial dispositions was examined with a longitudinal data set extending from ages 4 to 5 years into early adulthood ( N = 32). Spontaneous prosocial behaviors observed in the preschool classroom predicted actual prosocial behavior, other‐ and self‐reported prosocial behavior, self‐reported sympathy, and perspective taking in childhood to early adulthood. Prosocial behaviors that were not expected to reflect an other‐orientation (i.e., low cost helping and compliant prosocial behavior) generally did not predict later prosocial behavior or sympathy. Sympathy appeared to partially mediate the relation of early spontaneous sharing to later prosocial dispositions. The results support the view that there are stable individual differences in prosocial responding that have their origins in early childhood.