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Assessment of the safety and anti‐inflammatory effects of three Bacillus strains in the respiratory tract
Author(s) -
Kim HyeShin,
Arellano Karina,
Park Haryung,
Todorov Svetoslav D.,
Kim Bobae,
Kang Hyeji,
Park Yu Jin,
Suh Dong Ho,
Jung Eun Sung,
Ji Yosep,
Holzapfel Wilhelm H.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
environmental microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.954
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1462-2920
pISSN - 1462-2912
DOI - 10.1111/1462-2920.15530
Subject(s) - biology , microbiology and biotechnology , respiratory tract , antimicrobial , in vivo , probiotic , respiratory tract infections , respiratory system , immunology , bacteria , genetics , anatomy
Summary Chronic respiratory diseases are part of accumulating health problems partly due to worldwide increase in air pollution. By their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, some probiotics constitute promising alternatives for the prevention and treatment of chronic respiratory diseases. We have isolated Bacillus strains from Korean fermented foods and selected three potentially probiotic strains (two Bacillus subtilis and one Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ) based on safety, antimicrobial efficacy, activity against airborne pathogens and their immunomodulatory properties in vivo . Safety evaluation included in silico analysis for confirming absence of virulence genes. Safety for the respiratory tract was confirmed by an in vivo pathogenicity test using a murine model. Antimicrobial activity was displayed against several airborne pathogens. Potential antimicrobial metabolites such as 2,3‐butanediol and propylene glycol were identified as possible antagonistic agents. Immunomodulatory properties in vitro were confirmed by upregulation of IL‐10 expression in a macrophage cell line. Intranasal instillation and inhalation in an ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced lung inflammation murine model reduced T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines at transcriptional and protein levels in the lungs. The safety and potentially beneficial role of these Bacillus strains could be demonstrated for the respiratory tract of a murine model.