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Nitrogen flux into metabolites and microcystins changes in response to different nitrogen sources in Microcystis aeruginosa NIES ‐843
Author(s) -
Krausfeldt Lauren E.,
Farmer Abigail T.,
Castro Hector F.,
Boyer Gregory L.,
Campagna Shawn R.,
Wilhelm Steven W.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
environmental microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.954
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1462-2920
pISSN - 1462-2912
DOI - 10.1111/1462-2920.15032
Subject(s) - biology , microcystin , ammonium , nitrate , microcystis aeruginosa , microcystis , environmental chemistry , metabolome , nitrogen assimilation , nitrogen cycle , urea , nitrogen , botany , cyanobacteria , biochemistry , ecology , bacteria , chemistry , metabolite , genetics , organic chemistry
Summary The over‐enrichment of nitrogen (N) in the environment has contributed to severe and recurring harmful cyanobacterial blooms, especially by the non‐N 2 ‐fixing Microcystis spp. N chemical speciation influences cyanobacterial growth, persistence and the production of the hepatotoxin microcystin, but the physiological mechanisms to explain these observations remain unresolved. Stable‐labelled isotopes and metabolomics were employed to address the influence of nitrate, ammonium, and urea on cellular physiology and production of microcystins in Microcystis aeruginosa NIES‐843. Global metabolic changes were driven by both N speciation and diel cycling. Tracing 15 N‐labelled nitrate, ammonium, and urea through the metabolome revealed N uptake, regardless of species, was linked to C assimilation. The production of amino acids, like arginine, and other N‐rich compounds corresponded with greater turnover of microcystins in cells grown on urea compared to nitrate and ammonium. However, 15 N was incorporated into microcystins from all N sources. The differences in N flux were attributed to the energetic efficiency of growth on each N source. While N in general plays an important role in sustaining biomass, these data show that N‐speciation induces physiological changes that culminate in differences in global metabolism, cellular microcystin quotas and congener composition.