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Hybridization and introgression among three Aconitum ( R anunculaceae) species of different ploidy levels in the T atra M ountains ( W estern C arpathians)
Author(s) -
Sutkowska Agnieszka,
Boroń Piotr,
Warzecha Tomasz,
Dębowski Jakub,
Mitka Józef
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plant species biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.419
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1442-1984
pISSN - 0913-557X
DOI - 10.1111/1442-1984.12162
Subject(s) - ploidy , biology , introgression , population , hybrid , genetics , botany , gene , demography , sociology
Hybridization among species of A conitum effects their morphology and ecology. In this study the hybridization between the diploid 2n( 2x ) = 16 ( A . lasiocarpum and A . variegatum ) and tetraploid 2n( 4x ) = 32 ( A . firmum ) species was documented in the T atra Mountains ( W estern C arpathians) in a small, local population in a semi‐natural site. The hybrid species were: homoploid A . × pawlowskii ( A . lasiocarpum × A . variegatum ), and triploid A . × berdaui ( A . firmum × A . variegatum , 2n( 3x ) = 24). Chloroplast DNA (cp DNA ) alleles formed two distinct haplotypes, one typical for the tetraploid and another for diploid lines, shared between the tetraploid, triploid and diploid groups, indicating introgressive hybridization. The presumed gene flow was from the tetraploid to diploid species via the triploid bridge. The only two specimens of A . × pawlowskii that harbored tetraploid ( A . firmum ) type cp DNA possessed bracteoles of A . firmum ‐type. The remaining introgressed (cp DNA and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) ) specimens ( A . variegatum ) were morphologically pure, implying cryptic introgression. ISSR loci shared between the tetraploid A . firmum and diploid A . variegatum support the hypothesis of an ancient allopolyploid origin of A . firmum and the diploid species of A . variegatum ‐type as one of its parent.