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Vascular effects of aldosterone: Sorting out the receptors and the ligands
Author(s) -
Feldman Ross D,
Gros Robert
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1440-1681
pISSN - 0305-1870
DOI - 10.1111/1440-1681.12157
Subject(s) - aldosterone , endocrinology , medicine , mineralocorticoid receptor , vascular smooth muscle , mineralocorticoid , vasodilation , receptor , chemistry , biology , smooth muscle
Summary Aldosterone has actions far beyond its role as a renal regulator of sodium reabsorption, and broader mechanisms of action than simply a transcriptional regulator. Aldosterone has a number of vascular effects, including regulation of vascular reactivity and vascular growth and/or development. Aldosterone‐mediated effects on vascular reactivity reflect a balance between its endothelial‐dependent vasodilator effects and its direct smooth muscle vasoconstrictor effects. The endothelial vasodilator effects of aldosterone are mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase‐dependent activation of nitric oxide synthase. G‐Protein oestrogen receptor ( GPER ) is a recently recognized G‐protein coupled receptor ( GPCR ) that is activated by steroid hormones. It was first recognized as the GPCR mediating the rapid effects of oestrogens. Activation of GPER also mediates at least some of the vascular effects of aldosterone in smooth muscle and endothelial cells. In vascular endothelial cells, aldosterone activation of GPER mediates vasodilation. In contrast, activation of endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors has been linked to enhanced vasoconstrictor and/or impaired vasodilator responses.