Clinical implications from drug–drug and drug–disease interactions in older people

Summary This clinical review summarizes the evidence in relation to clinical outcomes from drug–drug and drug–disease interactions in older people. Exposure to drug–drug interactions is associated with increased risk of hospitalization‐related outcomes in older people. Drug–disease interactions have been linked with adverse drug interactions and adverse drug events in studies of older people. Although the prevalence of drug–drug and drug–disease interactions is common in older people, there are very limited empirical data on important clinical outcomes from drug–drug and drug–disease interactions. Clinical implications of interactions between drugs and geriatric syndromes such as frailty, falls, cognitive impairment, immobility and urinary incontinence should also be considered in older people.