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Biomarkers in systemic sclerosis: Their potential to predict clinical courses
Author(s) -
Hasegawa Minoru
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1346-8138
pISSN - 0385-2407
DOI - 10.1111/1346-8138.13156
Subject(s) - medicine , biomarker , autoantibody , von willebrand factor , brain natriuretic peptide , periostin , connective tissue disease , fibrosis , interstitial lung disease , pathology , immunology , disease , lung , autoimmune disease , heart failure , antibody , platelet , biochemistry , chemistry , extracellular matrix , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
The concept of a biomarker was defined as “a characteristic marker that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention” by the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Definitions Working group in 2001. Clinical features, disease progress, therapeutic response and prognosis are heterogeneous among patients with systemic sclerosis ( SS c). Therefore, biomarkers that can predict these matters are required for the progress of clinical practice. At present, SS c‐specific autoantibodies are the most useful biomarkers for diagnosis and predicting clinical features. Otherwise, biomarkers specific only for SS c have not been identified yet. The glycoprotein krebs von den Lungen‐6, surfactant protein‐D and CCL 18 are promising serum biomarkers of SS c‐related interstitial lung diseases. Serum/plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide and serum N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide have been used as biomarkers for SS c‐related pulmonary arterial hypertension. Other potential serum/plasma biomarkers for fibrosis and vascular involvement of SS c are connective tissue growth factor, interleukin‐6, CCL 2, CXCL 4, intercellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM )‐1, P‐selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor, von Willebrand factor, endostatin, endoglin and endothelin‐1. In our multicenter prospective studies of Japanese early SS c, serum ICAM ‐1 levels were predictive for subsequent respiratory dysfunction and serum levels of CXCL 8 and P‐selectin were predictive for subsequent physical disability. Further large, multicenter, prospective, longitudinal studies will be needed to identify and validate critical biomarkers of SS c.