Premium
Fixed eruption due to quinine in tonic water: A case report with high‐performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet A analyses
Author(s) -
Ohira Aoi,
Yamaguchi Sayaka,
Miyagi Takuya,
Yamamoto Yuichi,
Yamada Satoshi,
Shiohira Hideo,
Hagiwara Keisuke,
Uno Tsukasa,
Uezato Hiroshi,
Takahashi Kenzo
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1346-8138
pISSN - 0385-2407
DOI - 10.1111/1346-8138.12195
Subject(s) - erythema , quinine , tonic (physiology) , ultraviolet , high performance liquid chromatography , ultraviolet light , chemistry , medicine , food science , dermatology , anesthesia , chromatography , pathology , malaria , photochemistry , materials science , optoelectronics
Fixed drug eruption is a common cutaneous adverse reaction in young patients with a characteristic clinical appearance. However, the diagnosis and identification of the substance may be difficult if food or food additives provoke the fixed eruption. A 26‐year‐old man had a history of two episodes of cutaneous erythema with residual pigmentation. Close examination of the history including his diet in addition to an oral challenge test and patch testing led to the diagnosis of fixed eruption secondary to quinine in tonic water. We examined for the presence of quinine in commercially available brands of tonic water using ultraviolet A and irradiation and high‐performance liquid chromatography. Both Schweppes and CANADA DRY brands of tonic water emitted fluorescent light upon ultraviolet A irradiation, and contained quinine at concentrations of 67.9 and 61.3 mg/L, respectively. Quinine contained in some tonic waters may trigger fixed eruption.