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Survival Bias and the Equity Premium Puzzle
Author(s) -
Li Haitao,
Xu Yuewu
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
the journal of finance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 18.151
H-Index - 299
eISSN - 1540-6261
pISSN - 0022-1082
DOI - 10.1111/0022-1082.00486
Subject(s) - ex ante , economics , equity (law) , equity premium puzzle , argument (complex analysis) , survival analysis , econometrics , actuarial science , financial economics , risk premium , statistics , mathematics , political science , law , keynesian economics , biochemistry , chemistry
Previous authors have raised the concern that there could be serious survival bias in the observed U.S. equity premium. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we argue that the survival bias in the U.S. data is unlikely to be significant. To reach this conclusion, we introduce a general framework for modeling survival and derive a mathematical relationship between the ex ante survival probability and the average survival bias. This relationship reveals the fundamental difficulty facing the survival argument: High survival bias requires an ex ante probability of market failure, which seems unrealistically high given the history of world financial markets.