Endogenous Bacterial Endophthalmitis Complicating Hemodialysis Catheter‐Related Sepsis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

ABSTRACT Background Endogenous endophthalmitis is an infrequent yet severe complication of hemodialysis catheter‐related sepsis. In this report, we present a case of endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis in a patient with hemodialysis catheter‐related sepsis. Case Presentation A 65‐year‐old male had a history of hepatitis B‐related glomerulonephritis, end‐stage renal disease, hepatitis‐B‐related decompensated cirrhosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. He received temporary central venous catheterization and commenced hemodialysis. Subsequent diagnosis of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) endogenous endophthalmitis originating from catheter‐related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) was established. The patient underwent vitrectomy and received intravitreal antibiotic injections. Treatment with systemic and local antibiotics was sustained for a duration of 4 weeks, however, the patient's visual acuity remained poor. Conclusions Endogenous endophthalmitis represents a vision‐threatening emergency necessitating rapid identification and intervention. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for endogenous endophthalmitis when ocular symptoms manifest in the context of sepsis. Timely ophthalmological evaluation and management are imperative to optimize patient outcomes. Endogenous endophthalmitis represents a vision‐threatening emergency necessitating rapid identification and intervention. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for endogenous endophthalmitis when ocular symptoms manifest in the context of sepsis. Timely ophthalmological evaluation and management are imperative to optimize patient outcomes.