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Synthesis and NMR solution structure of an α‐helical hairpin stapled with two disulfide bridges
Author(s) -
Barthe Philippe,
Roumestand Christian,
Rochette Sandrine,
Vita Claudio
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
protein science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.353
H-Index - 175
eISSN - 1469-896X
pISSN - 0961-8368
DOI - 10.1110/ps.9.5.942
Subject(s) - dihedral angle , chemistry , crystallography , alpha helix , protein structure , protein engineering , protein secondary structure , helix (gastropod) , coiled coil , structural motif , homonuclear molecule , circular dichroism , hydrogen bond , molecule , biochemistry , biology , ecology , enzyme , organic chemistry , snail
Abstract Helical coiled‐coils and bundles are some of the most common structural motifs found in proteins. Design and synthesis of α‐helical motifs may provide interesting scaffolds that can be useful as host structures to display functional sites, thus allowing the engineering of novel functional miniproteins. We have synthesized a 38‐amino acid peptide, α 2 p8, encompassing the α‐helical hairpin present in the structure of p 8 MTCP1 , as an α‐helical scaffold particularly promising for its stability and permissiveness of sequence mutations. The three‐dimensional structure of this peptide has been solved using homonuclear two‐dimensional NMR techniques at 600 MHz. After sequence specific assignment, a total of 285 distance and 29 dihedral restraints were collected. The solution structure of α 2 p8 is presented as a set of 30 DIANA structures, further refined by restrained molecular dynamics, using simulated annealing protocol with the AMBER force field. The RMSD values for the backbone and all heavy atoms are 0.65 ± 0.25 and 1.51 ± 0.21 Å, respectively. Excised from its protein context, the α‐hairpin keeps its native structure: an α‐helical coiled‐coil, similar to that found in superhelical structures, with two helices spanning residues 4‐16 and 25–36, and linked by a short loop. This motif is stabilized by two interhelical disulfide bridges and several hydrophobic interactions at the helix interface, leaving most of its solvent‐exposed surface available for mutation. This α‐helical hairpin, easily amenable to synthetic chemistry and biological expression system, may represent a stable and versatile scaffold to display new functional sites and peptide libraries.