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High‐resolution structure of the stable plasminogen activator inhibitor type‐1 variant 14‐1B in its proteinase‐cleaved form: A new tool for detailed interaction studies and modeling
Author(s) -
Jensen Jan K.,
Gettins Peter G.W.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
protein science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.353
H-Index - 175
eISSN - 1469-896X
pISSN - 0961-8368
DOI - 10.1110/ps.036707.108
Subject(s) - vitronectin , plasminogen activator , chemistry , active site , plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 , in vivo , stereochemistry , biophysics , mutant , protein structure , cleavage (geology) , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , cell , integrin , genetics , paleontology , fracture (geology) , gene
Abstract Wild‐type plasminogen activator inhibitor type‐1 (PAI‐1) rapidly converts to the inactive latent state under conditions of physiological pH and temperature. For in vivo studies of active PAI‐1 in cell culture and in vivo model systems, the 14‐1B PAI‐1 mutant (N150H‐K154T‐Q319L‐M354I), with its stabilized active conformation, has thus become the PAI‐1 of choice. As a consequence of the increased stability, the only two forms likely to be encountered are the active or the cleaved form, the latter either free or complexed with target proteinase. We hereby report the first structure of the stable 14‐1B PAI‐1 variant in its reactive center cleaved form, to a resolution of 2.0 Å. The >99% complete structure represents the highest resolved structure of free cleaved PAI‐1. This high‐resolution structure should be of great use for drug target development and for modeling protein–protein interactions such as those of PAI‐1 with vitronectin.