Detection of Radio-Frequency Interference Signal Over Land From FY-3B Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI)

The MicroWave Radiation Imager (MWRI) onboard the FengYun (FY)-3B satellite has five frequencies at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5, and 89.0 GHz, each having dual channels at vertical and horizontal polarization states, respectively. It is found that radio-frequency interference (RFI) is present in MWRI data over land. The RFI signals are, in general, detectable from a spectral difference method and a principal component analysis (PCA) method. In particular, the PCA method is applied to derive RFI signals from natural radiations by using the characteristics of natural radiation measurements having all-channel correlations. In the area where data have a higher projection onto the first principle component (PC) mode, RFI is, in general, present. However, both the spectral and PCA methods cannot detect RFI reliably over frozen grounds and scattering surfaces, where the brightness temperature difference between 10.65 and 18.7 GHz is large. Thus, detection is improved through the use of normalized PCA. The new RFI detection algorithm is now working reliably for MWRI applications. It is found that RFI at 10.65 GHz distributes widely over Europe and Japan, and is less popular over the United States and China.