Maximizing Channel Utilization for Underwater Acoustic Links

Underwater acoustic channels suffer from long delays and high bit error rates. In addition to these challenges, the unique bandwidth-distance relationship of underwater links makes straightforward application of traditional networking techniques suboptimal. This paper presents an analysis of the application of three techniques: forward error correction, packet size adaptation, and packet train size adaptation in terms of their effects on channel utilization in underwater acoustic environments. Our analysis provides insight that can guide the design of MAC and routing protocols. Results from simulations of the techniques in combination demonstrate how increases in channel utilization can be achieved in the face of underwater acoustic channel constraints.