Energy Efficient Logic and Memory Design With Beyond-CMOS Magnetoelectric Spin–Orbit (MESO) Technology Toward Ultralow Supply Voltage

Devices based on the spin as the fundamental computing unit provide a promising beyond-complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) device option, thanks to their energy efficiency and compatibility with CMOS. One such option is a magnetoelectric spin–orbit (MESO) device, an attojoule-class emerging technology promising to extend Moore’s law. This article presents circuit design and optimization techniques, such as device stacking and a canary circuit-based asynchronous clock pulse generation scheme for MESO device technology. With these targeted circuit techniques, the MESO energy efficiency can be improved by $\sim 1.5\times $ . Novel architectures for arithmetic logic and effective realization of in-memory computing are also proposed that utilize the unique properties of this promising new technology.